system.inc.php

<?php

/*
Copyright (c) 2007, Till Brehm, projektfarm Gmbh
All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
    * Neither the name of ISPConfig nor the names of its contributors
      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
      specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

class system{

	var $FILE = '/root/ispconfig/scripts/lib/classes/ispconfig_system.lib.php';
	var $server_id;
	var $server_conf;
	var $data;
	var $min_uid = 500;
	var $min_gid = 500;

	private $_last_exec_out = null;
	private $_last_exec_retcode = null;

	/**
	 * Construct for this class
	 *
	 * @return system
	 */


	public function __construct(){
		//global $go_info;
		//$this->server_id = $go_info['isp']['server_id'];
		//$this->server_conf = $go_info['isp']['server_conf'];
		$this->server_conf['passwd_datei'] = '/etc/passwd';
		$this->server_conf['shadow_datei'] = '/etc/shadow';
		$this->server_conf['group_datei'] = '/etc/group';
	}



	/**
	 * Get the hostname from the server
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function hostname(){
		$dist = $this->server_conf['dist'];

		ob_start();
		passthru('hostname');
		$hostname = ob_get_contents();
		ob_end_clean();
		$hostname = trim($hostname);
		ob_start();
		if(!strstr($dist, 'freebsd')){
			passthru('dnsdomainname');
		} else {
			passthru('domainname');
		}
		$domainname = ob_get_contents();
		ob_end_clean();
		$domainname = trim($domainname);
		if($domainname != ""){
			if(!strstr($hostname, $domainname)) $hostname .= ".".$domainname;
		}
		return $hostname;
	}



	/**
	 * Add an user to the system
	 *
	 */
	public function adduser($user_username, $uid, $gid, $username, $homedir, $shell, $passwort = '*'){
		global $app;
		if($this->is_user($user_username)){
			return false;
		} else {
			if(trim($user_username) != '') {
				$user_datei = $this->server_conf['passwd_datei'];
				$shadow_datei = $this->server_conf['shadow_datei'];
				$shell = realpath($shell);
				if(trim($passwort) == '') $passwort = '*';
				$new_user = "\n$user_username:x:$uid:$gid:$username:$homedir:$shell\n";
				$app->log->msg('USER: '.$new_user);
				$app->file->af($user_datei, $new_user);
				if($shadow_datei == '/etc/shadow'){
					$datum = time();
					$tage = floor($datum/86400);
					$new_passwd = "\n$user_username:$passwort:$tage:0:99999:7:::\n";
				} else {
					$new_passwd = "\n$user_username:$passwort:$uid:$gid::0:0:$username:$homedir:$shell\n";
				}
				$app->file->af($shadow_datei, $new_passwd);
				// TB: leere Zeilen entfernen
				$app->file->remove_blank_lines($shadow_datei);
				$app->file->remove_blank_lines($user_datei);
				// TB: user Sortierung deaktiviert
				//$this->order_users_groups();
				if($shadow_datei != '/etc/shadow'){
					$app->file->af($shadow_datei, "\n");
					// TB: leere Zeilen entfernen
					$app->file->remove_blank_lines($shadow_datei);
					$app->log->caselog("pwd_mkdb $shadow_datei &> /dev/null", $this->FILE, __LINE__);
				}
				return true;
			}
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Update users when someone edit it
	 *
	 */
	function updateuser($user_username, $uid, $gid, $username, $homedir, $shell, $passwort = '*'){
		//* First delete the users
		$this->deluser($user_username);
		//* Add the user again
		$this->adduser($user_username, $uid, $gid, $username, $homedir, $shell, $passwort);
	}





	/**
	 * Lock the user
	 *
	 */
	function deactivateuser($user_username){
		$passwort = str_rot13($this->getpasswd($user_username));
		$user_attr = $this->get_user_attributes($user_username);
		$uid = $user_attr['uid'];
		$gid = $user_attr['gid'];
		$username = $user_attr['name'];
		$homedir = $user_attr['homedir'];
		$shell = '/dev/null';
		$this->deluser($user_username);
		$this->adduser($user_username, $uid, $gid, $username, $homedir, $shell, $passwort);
	}


	/**
	 * Delete a user from the system
	 *
	 */
	function deluser($user_username){
		global $app;
		if($this->is_user($user_username)){
			$user_datei = $this->server_conf['passwd_datei'];
			$shadow_datei = $this->server_conf['shadow_datei'];
			$users = $app->file->rf($user_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $users);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				$num_lines = sizeof($lines);
				for($i=0;$i<$num_lines;$i++){
					if(trim($lines[$i]) != ''){
						list($f1, ) = explode(':', $lines[$i]);
						if($f1 != $user_username) $new_lines[] = $lines[$i];
					}
				}
				$new_users = implode("\n", $new_lines);
				$app->file->wf($user_datei, $new_users);
				unset($new_lines);
				unset($lines);
				unset($new_users);
			}
			$app->file->remove_blank_lines($user_datei);

			$passwds = $app->file->rf($shadow_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $passwds);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				$num_lines = sizeof($lines);
				for($i=0;$i<$num_lines;$i++){
					if(trim($lines[$i]) != ''){
						list($f1, ) = explode(':', $lines[$i]);
						if($f1 != $user_username) $new_lines[] = $lines[$i];
					}
				}
				$new_passwds = implode("\n", $new_lines);
				$app->file->wf($shadow_datei, $new_passwds);
				unset($new_lines);
				unset($lines);
				unset($new_passwds);
			}
			$app->file->remove_blank_lines($shadow_datei);

			$group_file = $app->file->rf($this->server_conf['group_datei']);
			$group_file_lines = explode("\n", $group_file);
			foreach($group_file_lines as $group_file_line){
				if(trim($group_file_line) != ''){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $group_file_line);
					$group_users = explode(',', str_replace(' ', '', $f4));
					if(in_array($user_username, $group_users)){
						$g_users = array();
						foreach($group_users as $group_user){
							if($group_user != $user_username) $g_users[] = $group_user;
						}
						$f4 = implode(',', $g_users);
					}
					$new_group_file[] = $f1.':'.$f2.':'.$f3.':'.$f4;
				}
			}
			$new_group_file = implode("\n", $new_group_file);
			$app->file->wf($this->server_conf['group_datei'], $new_group_file);
			// TB: auskommentiert
			//$this->order_users_groups();

			if($shadow_datei != '/etc/shadow'){
				$app->file->af($shadow_datei, "\n");
				$app->log->caselog("pwd_mkdb $shadow_datei &> /dev/null", $this->FILE, __LINE__);
			}
			return true;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Add a usergroup to the system
	 *
	 */
	function addgroup($group, $gid, $members = ''){
		global $app;
		if($this->is_group($group)){
			return false;
		} else {
			$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];
			$shadow_datei = $this->server_conf['shadow_datei'];
			$new_group = "\n$group:x:$gid:$members\n";
			$app->file->af($group_datei, $new_group);

			// TB: auskommentiert
			//$this->order_users_groups();
			if($shadow_datei != '/etc/shadow'){
				$app->log->caselog("pwd_mkdb $shadow_datei &> /dev/null", $this->FILE, __LINE__);
			}
			return true;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Update usersgroup in way to delete and add it again
	 *
	 */
	function updategroup($group, $gid, $members = ''){
		$this->delgroup($group);
		$this->addgroup($group, $gid, $members);
	}





	/**
	 * Delete a usergroup from the system
	 *
	 */
	function delgroup($group){
		global $app;
		if($this->is_group($group)){
			$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];
			$shadow_datei = $this->server_conf['shadow_datei'];
			$groups = $app->file->rf($group_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $groups);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				$num_lines = sizeof($lines);
				for($i=0;$i<$num_lines;$i++){
					if(trim($lines[$i]) != ''){
						list($f1, ) = explode(':', $lines[$i]);
						if($f1 != $group) $new_lines[] = $lines[$i];
					}
				}
				$new_groups = implode("\n", $new_lines);
				$app->file->wf($group_datei, $new_groups);
				unset($new_lines);
				unset($lines);
				unset($new_groups);
			}
			// TB: auskommentiert
			//$this->order_users_groups();
			if($shadow_datei != '/etc/shadow'){
				$app->log->caselog("pwd_mkdb $shadow_datei &> /dev/null", $this->FILE, __LINE__);
			}
			return true;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}


	/**
	 * Order usergroups
	 *
	 */
	function order_users_groups(){
		global $app;
		$user_datei = $this->server_conf['passwd_datei'];
		$shadow_datei = $this->server_conf['shadow_datei'];
		$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];

		$groups = $app->file->no_comments($group_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $groups);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ''){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $line);
					$arr[$f3] = $line;
				}
			}
		}
		ksort($arr);
		reset($arr);
		if($shadow_datei != '/etc/shadow'){
			$app->file->wf($group_datei, $app->file->remove_blank_lines(implode("\n", $arr), 0)."\n");
		}else {
			$app->file->wf($group_datei, $app->file->remove_blank_lines(implode("\n", $arr), 0));
		}
		unset($arr);

		$users = $app->file->no_comments($user_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $users);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ""){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, ) = explode(':', $line);
					if($f1 != 'toor'){
						$arr[$f3] = $line;
					} else {
						$arr[70000] = $line;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		ksort($arr);
		reset($arr);
		$app->file->wf($user_datei, $app->file->remove_blank_lines(implode("\n", $arr), 0));
		unset($arr);

		$passwds = $app->file->no_comments($shadow_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $passwds);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ''){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, ) = explode(':', $line);
					if($f1 != 'toor'){
						$uid = $this->getuid($f1);
						if(!is_bool($uid)) $arr[$uid] = $line;
					} else {
						$arr[70000] = $line;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		ksort($arr);
		reset($arr);
		$app->file->wf($shadow_datei, $app->file->remove_blank_lines(implode("\n", $arr), 0));
		unset($arr);
	}





	/**
	 * Find a user / group id
	 *
	 */
	function find_uid_gid($min, $max){
		global $app;
		if($min < $max && $min >= 0 && $max >= 0 && $min <= 65536 && $max <= 65536 && is_int($min) && is_int($max)){
			for($i=$min;$i<=$max;$i++){
				$uid_arr[$i] = $gid_arr[$i] = 1;
			}
			$user_datei = $this->server_conf['passwd_datei'];
			$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];

			$users = $app->file->no_comments($user_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $users);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				foreach($lines as $line){
					if(trim($line) != ''){
						list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4, $f5, $f6, $f7) = explode(':', $line);
						if($f3 >= $min && $f3 <= $max) unset($uid_arr[$f3]);
					}
				}
				if(!empty($uid_arr)){
					foreach($uid_arr as $key => $val){
						$uids[] = $key;
					}
					$min_uid = min($uids);
					unset($uid_arr);
				} else {
					return false;
				}
			}

			$groups = $app->file->no_comments($group_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $groups);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				foreach($lines as $line){
					if(trim($line) != ''){
						list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $line);
						if($f3 >= $min && $f3 <= $max) unset($gid_arr[$f3]);
					}
				}
				if(!empty($gid_arr)){
					foreach($gid_arr as $key => $val){
						$gids[] = $key;
					}
					$min_gid = min($gids);
					unset($gid_arr);
				} else {
					return false;
				}
			}

			$result = array_intersect($uids, $gids);
			$new_id = (max($result));
			unset($uids);
			unset($gids);
			unset($result);
			if($new_id <= $max){
				return $new_id;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Check if the users is really a user into the system
	 *
	 */
	function is_user($user){
		global $app;
		$user_datei = $this->server_conf['passwd_datei'];
		$users = $app->file->no_comments($user_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $users);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ''){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4, $f5, $f6, $f7) = explode(':', $line);
					if($f1 == $user) return true;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}





	/**
	 * Check if the group is on this system
	 *
	 */
	function is_group($group){
		global $app;
		$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];
		$groups = $app->file->no_comments($group_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $groups);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ""){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $line);
					if($f1 == $group) return true;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}

	/*
	// Alternative implementation of the is_group function. Should be faster then the old one To be tested.
	function is_group($group) {
	$groupfile = '/etc/group';
	if(is_file($groupfile)) {
		$handle = fopen ($groupfile, "r");
		while (!feof($handle)) {
			$line = trim(fgets($handle, 4096));
			if($line != ""){
				$parts = explode(":", $line);
	        	if($parts[0] == $group) {
					fclose ($handle);
					return true;
				}
			}
		}
		fclose ($handle);
	}
	return false;
	}
	*/

	function root_group(){
		global $app;
		$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];
		$groups = $app->file->no_comments($group_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $groups);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ''){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $line);
					if($f3 == 0) return $f1;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}





	/**
	 * Get the groups of an user
	 *
	 */
	function get_user_groups($username){
		global $app;
		$user_groups = array();
		$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];
		$groups = $app->file->no_comments($group_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $groups);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ''){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $line);
					if(intval($f3) < intval($this->server_conf['groupid_von']) && trim($f1) != 'users'){
						$tmp_group_users = explode(',', str_replace(' ', '', $f4));
						if(in_array($username, $tmp_group_users) && trim($f1) != '') $user_groups[] = $f1;
						unset($tmp_group_users);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		if(!empty($user_groups)) return implode(',', $user_groups);
		return '';
	}





	/**
	 * Get a user password
	 *
	 */
	function getpasswd($user){
		global $app;
		if($this->is_user($user)){
			$shadow_datei = $this->server_conf['shadow_datei'];
			$passwds = $app->file->no_comments($shadow_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $passwds);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				foreach($lines as $line){
					if(trim($line) != ''){
						list($f1, $f2, ) = explode(':', $line);
						if($f1 == $user) return $f2;
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Get the user from an user id
	 *
	 */
	function getuser($uid){
		global $app;
		$user_datei = $this->server_conf['passwd_datei'];
		$users = $app->file->no_comments($user_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $users);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ''){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3,) = explode(':', $line);
					if($f3 == $uid) return $f1;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}





	/**
	 * Get the user id from an user
	 *
	 */
	function getuid($user){
		global $app;
		if($this->is_user($user)){
			$user_datei = $this->server_conf['passwd_datei'];
			$users = $app->file->no_comments($user_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $users);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				foreach($lines as $line){
					if(trim($line) != ''){
						list($f1, $f2, $f3, ) = explode(':', $line);
						if($f1 == $user) return $f3;
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Get the group from a group id
	 *
	 */
	function getgroup($gid){
		global $app;
		$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];
		$groups = $app->file->no_comments($group_datei);
		$lines = explode("\n", $groups);
		if(is_array($lines)){
			foreach($lines as $line){
				if(trim($line) != ""){
					list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $line);
					if($f3 == $gid) return $f1;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}





	/**
	 * Get the group id from an group
	 *
	 */
	function getgid($group){
		global $app;
		if($this->is_group($group)){
			$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];
			$groups = $app->file->no_comments($group_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $groups);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				foreach($lines as $line){
					if(trim($line) != ""){
						list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $line);
						if($f1 == $group) return $f3;
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Return info about a group by name
	 *
	 */
	function posix_getgrnam($group) {
		if(!function_exists('posix_getgrnam')){
			$group_datei = $this->server_conf['group_datei'];
			$cmd = 'grep -m 1 ? ?';
			$this->exec_safe($cmd, '^'.$group.':', $group_datei);
			$output = $this->last_exec_out();
			$return_var = $this->last_exec_retcode();
			if($return_var != 0 || !$output[0]) return false;
			list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $output[0]);
			$f2 = trim($f2);
			$f3 = trim($f3);
			$f4 = trim($f4);
			if($f4 != ''){
				$members = explode(',', $f4);
			} else {
				$members = array();
			}
			$group_details = array( 'name' => $group,
				'passwd' => $f2,
				'members' => $members,
				'gid' => $f3);
			return $group_details;
		} else {
			return posix_getgrnam($group);
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Get all information from a user
	 *
	 */
	function get_user_attributes($user){
		global $app;
		if($this->is_user($user)){
			$user_datei = $this->server_conf['passwd_datei'];
			$users = $app->file->no_comments($user_datei);
			$lines = explode("\n", $users);
			if(is_array($lines)){
				foreach($lines as $line){
					if(trim($line) != ''){
						list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4, $f5, $f6, $f7) = explode(':', $line);
						if($f1 == $user){
							$user_attr['username'] = $f1;
							$user_attr['x'] = $f2;
							$user_attr['uid'] = $f3;
							$user_attr['gid'] = $f4;
							$user_attr['name'] = $f5;
							$user_attr['homedir'] = $f6;
							$user_attr['shell'] = $f7;
							return $user_attr;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Edit the owner of a file
	 *
	 */
	function chown($file, $owner, $allow_symlink = false){
		global $app;
		if($allow_symlink == false && $this->checkpath($file) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $file", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		if(file_exists($file)) {
			if(@chown($file, $owner)) {
				return true;
			} else {
				$app->log("chown failed: $file : $owner", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	function chgrp($file, $group = '', $allow_symlink = false){
		global $app;
		if($allow_symlink == false && $this->checkpath($file) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $file", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		if(file_exists($file)) {
			if(@chgrp($file, $group)) {
				return true;
			} else {
				$app->log("chgrp failed: $file : $group", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	//* Change the mode of a file
	function chmod($file, $mode, $allow_symlink = false) {
		global $app;
		if($allow_symlink == false && $this->checkpath($file) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $file", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		if(@chmod($file, $mode)) {
			return true;
		} else {
			$app->log("chmod failed: $file : $mode", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return false;
		}
	}

	function file_put_contents($filename, $data, $allow_symlink = false, $run_as_user = null) {
		global $app;
		if($allow_symlink == false && $this->checkpath($filename) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $filename", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		if($run_as_user !== null && $run_as_user !== 'root') {
			if(!$this->check_run_as_user($run_as_user)) {
				$app->log("Action aborted, invalid run-as-user: $run_as_user", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
				return false;
			}
			if(file_exists($filename)) {
				$cmd = $this->get_sudo_command('rm ' . escapeshellarg($filename), $run_as_user);
				$this->exec_safe($cmd);
			}
			$cmd = $this->get_sudo_command('cat - > ' . escapeshellarg($filename), $run_as_user);
			$retval = null;
			$stderr = '';
			$this->pipe_exec($cmd, $data, $retval, $stderr);
			if($retval > 0) {
				$app->log("Safe file_put_contents failed: $stderr", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
				return false;
			} else {
				$size = filesize($filename);
				return $size;
			}
		} else {
			if(file_exists($filename)) unlink($filename);
			return file_put_contents($filename, $data);
		}
	}

	function file_get_contents($filename, $allow_symlink = false, $run_as_user = null) {
		global $app;
		if($allow_symlink == false && $this->checkpath($filename) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $filename", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		if($run_as_user !== null && $run_as_user !== 'root') {
			if(!$this->check_run_as_user($run_as_user)) {
				$app->log("Action aborted, invalid run-as-user: $run_as_user", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
				return false;
			}
			$cmd = $this->get_sudo_command('cat ' . escapeshellarg($filename), $run_as_user) . ' 2>/dev/null';
			return $this->system_safe($cmd);
		} else {
			return file_get_contents($filename);
		}
	}

	function rename($filename, $new_filename, $allow_symlink = false) {
		global $app;
		if($allow_symlink == false && $this->checkpath($filename) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $filename", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		return rename($filename, $new_filename);
	}

	function mkdir($dirname, $allow_symlink = false, $mode = 0777, $recursive = false, $run_as_user = null) {
		global $app;
		if($allow_symlink == false && $this->checkpath($dirname) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $dirname", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		if($run_as_user !== null && !$this->check_run_as_user($run_as_user)) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, invalid run-as-user: $run_as_user", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		$success = false;
		if($run_as_user !== null && $run_as_user !== 'root') {
			$cmd = $this->get_sudo_command('mkdir ' . ($recursive ? '-p ' : '') . escapeshellarg($dirname), $run_as_user) . ' >/dev/null 2>&1';
			$this->exec_safe($cmd);
			if($this->last_exec_retcode() != 0) {
				$success = false;
			} else {
				$success = true;
			}
		} else {
			$success = @mkdir($dirname, $mode, $recursive);
		}
		if($success) {
			return true;
		} else {
			$app->log("mkdir failed: $dirname", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return false;
		}
	}

	function unlink($filename) {
		if(!empty($filename) && file_exists($filename) || is_link($filename)) {
			return unlink($filename);
		}
	}

	function copy($file1, $file2) {
        if(!empty($file1) && !empty($file2)) {
            return copy($file1, $file2);
        } else {
            return false;
        }

	}

	function move($file1, $file2) {
                $cmd = 'mv ? ?';
                $this->exec_safe($cmd, $file1, $file2);
                $return_var = $this->last_exec_retcode();
                return $return_var == 0 ? true : false;
        }

	function rmdir($path, $recursive=false) {
        global $app;
		// Disallow operating on root directory
		if(realpath($path) == '/') {
			$app->log("rmdir: afraid I might delete root: $path", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		$path = rtrim($path, '/');
		if (is_dir($path) && !is_link($path)) {
			$objects = array_diff(scandir($path), array('.', '..'));
			foreach ($objects as $object) {
				if ($recursive) {
					if (is_dir("$path/$object") && !is_link("$path/$object")) {
						$this->rmdir("$path/$object", $recursive);
					} else {
						unlink ("$path/$object");
					}
				} else {
					$app->log("rmdir: invoked non-recursive, not removing $path (expect rmdir failure)", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				}
			}
			return rmdir($path);
		}
		return false;
	}

	function touch($file, $allow_symlink = false){
		global $app;
		if($allow_symlink == false && @file_exists($file) && $this->checkpath($file) == false) {
			$this->unlink($file);
		}
		if(@touch($file)) {
			return true;
		} else {
			$app->log("touch failed: $file", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return false;
		}
	}

	public function create_relative_link($f, $t) {
		global $app;

		// $from already exists
		$from = realpath($f);

		// realpath requires the traced file to exist - so, lets touch it first, then remove
		@$app->system->unlink($t); touch($t);
		$to = realpath($t);
		@$app->system->unlink($t);

		// Remove from the left side matching path elements from $from and $to
		// and get path elements counts
		$a1 = explode('/', $from); $a2 = explode('/', $to);
		for ($c = 0; $a1[$c] == $a2[$c]; $c++) {
			unset($a1[$c]); unset($a2[$c]);
		}
		$cfrom = implode('/', $a1);

		// Check if a path is fully a subpath of another - no way to create symlink in the case
		if (count($a1) == 0 || count($a2) == 0) return false;

		// Add ($cnt_to-1) number of "../" elements to left side of $cfrom
		for ($c = 0; $c < (count($a2)-1); $c++) { $cfrom = '../'.$cfrom; }
		//if(strstr($to,'/etc/letsencrypt/archive/')) $to = str_replace('/etc/letsencrypt/archive/','/etc/letsencrypt/live/',$to);

		return symlink($cfrom, $to);
	}

	function remove_broken_symlinks($path, $recursive=false) {
		global $app;

		if ($path != '/') {
			$path = rtrim($path, '/');
		}
		if (is_dir($path)) {
			$objects = array_diff(scandir($path), array('.', '..'));
			foreach ($objects as $object) {
				if (is_dir("$path/$object") && $recursive) {
					$this->remove_broken_symlinks("$path/$object", $recursive);
				} elseif (is_link("$path/$object") && !file_exists("$path/$object")) {
					$app->log("removing broken symlink $path/$object", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
					unlink ("$path/$object");
				}
			}
		} elseif (is_link("$path") && !file_exists("$path")) {
			$app->log("removing broken symlink $path", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			unlink ("$path");
		}
	}

	function remove_recursive_symlinks($path, $chroot_basedir='', $recursive=false) {
		global $app;

		if ($path != '/') {
			$path = rtrim($path, '/');
		}
		if (strlen($chroot_basedir) > 0) {
			if (!is_dir($chroot_basedir)) {
				$app->log("remove_recursive_symlink: invalid chroot basedir: $chroot_basedir", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				return false;
			}
			if (!(substr($path, 0, strlen($chroot_basedir)) === $chroot_basedir)) {
				$app->log("remove_recursive_symlink: path $path is not below chroot basedir $chroot_basedir", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				return false;
			}
			if ($chroot_basedir != '/') {
				$chroot_basedir = rtrim($chroot_basedir, '/');
			}
		}
		if (is_dir($path)) {
			$objects = array_diff(scandir($path), array('.', '..'));
			foreach ($objects as $object) {
				if (is_dir("$path/$object") && $recursive) {
					$this->remove_recursive_symlinks("$path/$object", $chroot_basedir, $recursive);
				} elseif (is_link("$path/$object")) {
					$realpath = realpath("$path/$object");
					if (strlen($chroot_basedir) > 0 ) {
						$root_path = substr("$path/$object", strlen($chroot_basedir));
						if ($root_path && $realpath == $root_path) {
							$app->log("removing recursive symlink $path/$object", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
							unlink ("$path/$object");
						}
					}
					if ($realpath = "" || $realpath == "$path/$object") {
						$app->log("removing recursive symlink $path/$object", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
						unlink ("$path/$object");
					}
				}
			}
		} elseif (is_link("$path")) {
			$realpath = realpath($path);
			if (strlen($chroot_basedir) > 0 ) {
				$root_path = substr($path, strlen($chroot_basedir));
				if ($root_path && $realpath == $root_path) {
					$app->log("removing recursive symlink $path", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
					unlink ($path);
				}
			}
			if ($realpath = "" || $realpath == $path) {
				$app->log("removing recursive symlink $path", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				unlink ($path);
			}
		}
	}

	function checkpath($path) {
		$path = trim($path);
		//* We allow only absolute paths
		if(substr($path, 0, 1) != '/') return false;

		//* We allow only some characters in the path
		// * is allowed, for example it is part of wildcard certificates/keys: *.example.com.crt
		if(!preg_match('@^/[-a-zA-Z0-9_/.*]{1,}[~]?$@', $path)) return false;

		//* Check path for symlinks
		$path_parts = explode('/', $path);
		$testpath = '';
		foreach($path_parts as $p) {
			$testpath .= '/'.$p;
			if(is_link($testpath)) return false;
		}

		return true;
	}


	/**
	 * This function checks the free space for a given directory
	 * @param path check path
	 * @param limit min. free space in bytes
	 * @return bool - true when the the free space is above limit ohterwise false, opt. available disk-space
	*/

	function check_free_space($path, $limit = 0, &$free_space = 0) {
		$path = rtrim($path, '/');

		/*
		* Make sure that we have only existing directories in the path.

		* Given a file name instead of a directory, the behaviour of the disk_free_space
		function is unspecified and may differ between operating systems and PHP versions.
        */
		while(!is_dir($path) && $path != '/') $path = realpath(dirname($path));

		$free_space = disk_free_space($path);

		if (!$free_space) {
			$free_space = 0;
			return false;
		}

		if ($free_space >= $limit) {
			return true;
		} else {
			return false;
		}

	}



	/**
	 * Add an user to a specific group
	 *
	 */
	function add_user_to_group($group, $user = 'admispconfig'){
		global $app;
		$group_file = $app->file->rf($this->server_conf['group_datei']);
		$group_file_lines = explode("\n", $group_file);
		foreach($group_file_lines as $group_file_line){
			if(empty($group_file_line)) continue;
			list($group_name, $group_x, $group_id, $group_users) = explode(':', $group_file_line);
			if($group_name == $group){
				$group_users = explode(',', str_replace(' ', '', $group_users));
				if(!in_array($user, $group_users)){
					$group_users[] = $user;
				}
				$group_users = implode(',', $group_users);
				if(substr($group_users, 0, 1) == ',') $group_users = substr($group_users, 1);
				$group_file_line = $group_name.':'.$group_x.':'.$group_id.':'.$group_users;
			}
			$new_group_file[] = $group_file_line;
		}
		$new_group_file = implode("\n", $new_group_file);
		$app->file->wf($this->server_conf['group_datei'], $new_group_file);
		$app->file->remove_blank_lines($this->server_conf['group_datei']);
		if($this->server_conf['shadow_datei'] != '/etc/shadow'){
			$app->log->caselog('pwd_mkdb '.$this->server_conf['shadow_datei'].' &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
		}
	}

	/*
	function usermod($user, $groups){
		global $app;
	  	if($this->is_user($user)){
		    $groups = explode(',', str_replace(' ', '', $groups));
	    	$group_file = $app->file->rf($this->server_conf['group_datei']);
	    	$group_file_lines = explode("\n", $group_file);
	    	foreach($group_file_lines as $group_file_line){
	      		if(trim($group_file_line) != ""){
	        		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode(':', $group_file_line);
	        		$group_users = explode(',', str_replace(' ', '', $f4));
	        		if(!in_array($f1, $groups)){
	          			if(in_array($user, $group_users)){
	            			$g_users = array();
	            			foreach($group_users as $group_user){
	              				if($group_user != $user) $g_users[] = $group_user;
	            			}
	            			$f4 = implode(',', $g_users);
	          			}
		        	} else {
	          			if(!in_array($user, $group_users)){
	            			if(trim($group_users[0]) == '') unset($group_users);
	            			$group_users[] = $user;
	          			}
	          			$f4 = implode(',', $group_users);
	        		}
	        		$new_group_file[] = $f1.':'.$f2.':'.$f3.':'.$f4;
	      		}
	    	}
	    	$new_group_file = implode("\n", $new_group_file);
	    	$app->file->wf($this->server_conf['group_datei'], $new_group_file);
	    	$app->file->remove_blank_lines($this->server_conf['group_datei']);
	    	if($this->server_conf['shadow_datei'] != '/etc/shadow'){
	      		$app->log->caselog('pwd_mkdb '.$this->server_conf['shadow_datei'].' &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
	    	}
	    	return true;
	  	} else {
		    return false;
	  	}
	}
	*/

	/**boot autostart etc
	 *
	 */
	function rc_edit($service, $rl, $action){
		// $action = "on|off";
		global $app;
		$dist_init_scripts = $app->system->server_conf['dist_init_scripts'];
		$dist_runlevel = $app->system->server_conf['dist_runlevel'];
		$dist = $app->system->server_conf['dist'];
		if(trim($dist_runlevel) == ''){ // falls es keine runlevel gibt (FreeBSD)
			if($action == 'on'){
				@symlink($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$service, $dist_init_scripts.'/'.$service.'.sh');
			}
			if($action == 'off'){
				if(is_link($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$service.'.sh')){
					unlink($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$service.'.sh');
				} else {
					rename($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$service.'.sh', $dist_init_scripts.'/'.$service);
				}
			}
		} else { // Linux
			if(substr($dist, 0, 4) == 'suse'){
				if($action == 'on'){
					$this->exec_safe("chkconfig --add ? &> /dev/null", $service);
				}
				if($action == 'off'){
					$this->exec_safe("chkconfig --del ? &> /dev/null", $service);
				}
			} else {
				$runlevels = explode(',', $rl);
				foreach($runlevels as $runlevel){
					$runlevel = trim($runlevel);
					if($runlevel != '' && is_dir($dist_runlevel.'/rc'.$runlevel.'.d')){
						$handle=opendir($dist_runlevel.'/rc'.$runlevel.'.d');
						while($file = readdir($handle)){
							if($file != '.' && $file != '..'){
								$target = @readlink($dist_runlevel.'/rc'.$runlevel.'.d/'.$file);
								if(strstr($file, $service) && strstr($target, $service) && substr($file, 0, 1) == 'S') $ln_arr[$runlevel][] = $dist_runlevel.'/rc'.$runlevel.'.d/'.$file;
							}
						}
						closedir($handle);
					}
					if($action == 'on'){
						if(!is_array($ln_arr[$runlevel])) @symlink($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$service, $dist_runlevel.'/rc'.$runlevel.'.d/S99'.$service);
					}
					if($action == 'off'){
						if(is_array($ln_arr[$runlevel])){
							foreach($ln_arr[$runlevel] as $link){
								unlink($link);
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Filter information from the commands
	 *
	 */
	function grep($content, $string, $params = ''){
		global $app;
		// params: i, v, w
		$content = $app->file->unix_nl($content);
		$lines = explode("\n", $content);
		foreach($lines as $line){
			if(!strstr($params, 'w')){
				if(strstr($params, 'i')){
					if(strstr($params, 'v')){
						if(!stristr($line, $string)) $find[] = $line;
					} else {
						if(stristr($line, $string)) $find[] = $line;
					}
				} else {
					if(strstr($params, 'v')){
						if(!strstr($line, $string)) $find[] = $line;
					} else {
						if(strstr($line, $string)) $find[] = $line;
					}
				}
			} else {
				if(strstr($params, 'i')){
					if(strstr($params, 'v')){
						if(!$app->string->is_word($string, $line, 'i')) $find[] = $line;
					} else {
						if($app->string->is_word($string, $line, 'i')) $find[] = $line;
					}
				} else {
					if(strstr($params, 'v')){
						if(!$app->string->is_word($string, $line)) $find[] = $line;
					} else {
						if($app->string->is_word($string, $line)) $find[] = $line;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		if(is_array($find)){
			$ret_val = implode("\n", $find);
			if(substr($ret_val, -1) != "\n") $ret_val .= "\n";
			$find = NULL;
			return $ret_val;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Strip content from fields
	 *
	 */
	function cut($content, $field, $delimiter = ':'){
		global $app;
		$content = $app->file->unix_nl($content);
		$lines = explode("\n", $content);
		foreach($lines as $line){
			$elms = explode($delimiter, $line);
			$find[] = $elms[($field-1)];
		}
		if(is_array($find)){
			$ret_val = implode("\n", $find);
			if(substr($ret_val, -1) != "\n") $ret_val .= "\n";
			$find = NULL;
			return $ret_val;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Get the content off a file
	 *
	 */
	function cat($file){
		global $app;
		return $app->file->rf($file);
	}





	/**
	 * Control services to restart etc
	 *
	 */
	 /*
	function daemon_init($daemon, $action){
		//* $action = start|stop|restart|reload
		global $app;
		$dist = $this->server_conf['dist'];
		$dist_init_scripts = $this->server_conf['dist_init_scripts'];
		if(!strstr($dist, 'freebsd')){
			$app->log->caselog("$dist_init_scripts/$daemon $action &> /dev/null", $this->FILE, __LINE__);
		} else {
			if(is_file($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon.'.sh') || is_link($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon.'.sh')){
				if($action == 'start' || $action == 'stop'){
					$app->log->caselog($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon.'.sh '.$action.' &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
				} else {
					$app->log->caselog($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon.'.sh stop &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
					sleep(3);
					$app->log->caselog($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon.'.sh start &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
				}
			} else {
				if(is_file($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon) || is_link($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon)){
					if($action == 'start' || $action == 'stop'){
						$app->log->caselog($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon.' '.$action.' &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
					} else {
						$app->log->caselog($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon.' stop &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
						sleep(3);
						$app->log->caselog($dist_init_scripts.'/'.$daemon.' start &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
					}
				} else {
					if(is_file('/etc/rc.d/'.$daemon) || is_link('/etc/rc.d/'.$daemon)){
						if($action == 'start' || $action == 'stop'){
							$app->log->caselog('/etc/rc.d/'.$daemon.' '.$action.' &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
						} else {
							$app->log->caselog('/etc/rc.d/'.$daemon.' stop &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
							sleep(3);
							$app->log->caselog('/etc/rc.d/'.$daemon.' start &> /dev/null', $this->FILE, __LINE__);
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	} */

	function netmask($netmask){
		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode('.', trim($netmask));
		$bin = str_pad(decbin($f1), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f2), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f3), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f4), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
		$parts = explode('0', $bin);
		$bin = str_pad($parts[0], 32, '0', STR_PAD_RIGHT);
		$bin = wordwrap($bin, 8, '.', 1);
		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode('.', trim($bin));
		return bindec($f1).'.'.bindec($f2).'.'.bindec($f3).'.'.bindec($f4);
	}

	function binary_netmask($netmask){
		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode('.', trim($netmask));
		$bin = str_pad(decbin($f1), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f2), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f3), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f4), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
		$parts = explode('0', $bin);
		return substr_count($parts[0], '1');
	}

	function network($ip, $netmask){
		$netmask = $this->netmask($netmask);
		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode('.', $netmask);
		$netmask_bin = str_pad(decbin($f1), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f2), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f3), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f4), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode('.', $ip);
		$ip_bin = str_pad(decbin($f1), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f2), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f3), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f4), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
		for($i=0;$i<32;$i++){
			$network_bin .= substr($netmask_bin, $i, 1) * substr($ip_bin, $i, 1);
		}
		$network_bin = wordwrap($network_bin, 8, '.', 1);
		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode('.', trim($network_bin));
		return bindec($f1).'.'.bindec($f2).'.'.bindec($f3).'.'.bindec($f4);
	}





	/**
	 * Make a broadcast address from an IP number in combination with netmask
	 *
	 */
	function broadcast($ip, $netmask){
		$netmask = $this->netmask($netmask);
		$binary_netmask = $this->binary_netmask($netmask);
		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode('.', $ip);
		$ip_bin = str_pad(decbin($f1), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f2), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f3), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT).str_pad(decbin($f4), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
		$broadcast_bin = str_pad(substr($ip_bin, 0, $binary_netmask), 32, '1', STR_PAD_RIGHT);
		$broadcast_bin = wordwrap($broadcast_bin, 8, '.', 1);
		list($f1, $f2, $f3, $f4) = explode('.', trim($broadcast_bin));
		return bindec($f1).'.'.bindec($f2).'.'.bindec($f3).'.'.bindec($f4);
	}





	/**
	 * Get the network address information
	 *
	 */
	function network_info(){
		$dist = $this->server_conf['dist'];
		ob_start();
		passthru('ifconfig');
		$output = ob_get_contents();
		ob_end_clean();
		$lines = explode("\n", $output);
		foreach($lines as $line){
			$elms = explode(' ', $line);
			if(trim($elms[0]) != '' && substr($elms[0], 0, 1) != "\t"){
				$elms[0] = trim($elms[0]);
				if(strstr($dist, 'freebsd')) $elms[0] = substr($elms[0], 0, -1);
				$interfaces[] = $elms[0];
			}
		}
		if(!empty($interfaces)){
			foreach($interfaces as $interface){
				ob_start();
				if(!strstr($dist, 'freebsd')){
					passthru('ifconfig '.$interface." | grep -iw 'inet' | cut -f2 -d: | cut -f1 -d' '");
				} else {
					passthru('ifconfig '.$interface." | grep -iw 'inet' | grep -iv 'inet6' | cut -f2 -d' '");
				}
				$output = trim(ob_get_contents());
				ob_end_clean();
				if($output != ''){
					$ifconfig['INTERFACE'][$interface] = $output;
					$ifconfig['IP'][$output] = $interface;
				}
			}
			if(!empty($ifconfig)){
				return $ifconfig;
			} else {
				return false;
			}
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Configure the network settings from the system
	 *
	 */
	function network_config(){
		$ifconfig = $this->network_info();
		if($ifconfig){
			$main_interface = $ifconfig['IP'][$this->server_conf['server_ip']];
			if(strstr($main_interface, ':')){
				$parts = explode(':', $main_interface);
				$main_interface = trim($parts[0]);
			}
			if($main_interface != ''){
				$ips = $this->data['isp_server_ip'];
				if(!empty($ips)){
					foreach($ips as $ip){
						if(!isset($ifconfig['IP'][$ip['server_ip']])){
							$to_set[] = $ip['server_ip'];
						} else {
							unset($ifconfig['IP'][$ip['server_ip']]);
						}
					}
					if(!empty($ifconfig['IP'])){
						foreach($ifconfig['IP'] as $key => $val){
							if(!strstr($val, 'lo') && !strstr($val, 'lp') && strstr($val, $main_interface)){
								$this->exec_safe('ifconfig ? down &> /dev/null', $val);
								unset($ifconfig['INTERFACE'][$val]);
							}
						}
					}
					if(!empty($to_set)){
						foreach($to_set as $to){
							$i = 0;
							while($i >= 0){
								if(isset($ifconfig['INTERFACE'][$main_interface.':'.$i])){
									$i++;
								} else {
									$new_interface = $main_interface.':'.$i;
									$i = -1;
								}
							}
							$this->exec_safe('ifconfig ? ? netmask ? up &> /dev/null', $new_interface, $to, $this->server_conf['server_netzmaske']);
							$ifconfig['INTERFACE'][$new_interface] = $to;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	function quota_dirs(){
		global $app;
		$content = $app->file->unix_nl($app->file->no_comments('/etc/fstab'));
		$lines = explode("\n", $content);
		foreach($lines as $line){
			$line = trim($line);
			if($line != ''){
				$elms = explode("\t", $line);
				foreach($elms as $elm){
					if(trim($elm) != '') $f[] = $elm;
				}
				if(!empty($f) && stristr($f[3], 'userquota') && stristr($f[3], 'groupquota')){
					$q_dirs[] = trim($f[1]);
				}
				unset($f);
			}
		}
		if(!empty($q_dirs)){
			return $q_dirs;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}





	/**
	 * Get the current time
	 *
	 */
	function get_time(){
		$addr = 'https://www.ispconfig.org/';
		$timeout = 1;
		$url_parts = parse_url($addr);
		$path = $url_parts['path'];
		$port = 80;
		$urlHandle = @fsockopen($url_parts['host'], $port, $errno, $errstr, $timeout);
		if ($urlHandle){
			socket_set_timeout($urlHandle, $timeout);

			$urlString = 'GET '.$path." HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: ".$url_parts['host']."\r\nConnection: Keep-Alive\r\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)\r\n";
			if ($user) $urlString .= 'Authorization: Basic '.base64_encode($user.':'.$pass)."\r\n";
			$urlString .= "\r\n";
			fputs($urlHandle, $urlString);

			$month['Jan'] = '01';
			$month['Feb'] = '02';
			$month['Mar'] = '03';
			$month['Apr'] = '04';
			$month['May'] = '05';
			$month['Jun'] = '06';
			$month['Jul'] = '07';
			$month['Aug'] = '08';
			$month['Sep'] = '09';
			$month['Oct'] = '10';
			$month['Nov'] = '11';
			$month['Dec'] = '12';
			$c = 0;
			$l = 0;
			$startzeit = time();
			while(!feof($urlHandle) && $c < 2 && $l == 0){
				$line = trim(fgets($urlHandle, 128));
				$response .= $line;
				$c = time() - $startzeit;
				if($line == '' || substr($line, 0, 5) == 'Date:') $l += 1; // nur den Header auslesen
				if(substr($line, 0, 5) == 'Date:'){
					$parts = explode(' ', $line);
					$tag = $parts[2];
					$monat = $month[$parts[3]];
					$jahr = $parts[4];
					list($stunde, $minute, $sekunde) = explode(':', $parts[5]);
					$timestamp = mktime($stunde, $minute, $sekunde, $monat, $tag, $jahr);
				}
			}

			@fclose($urlHandle);

			return $timestamp;
		} else {
			@fclose($urlHandle);
			return false;
		}
	}

	function replaceLine($filename, $search_pattern, $new_line, $strict = 0, $append = 1) {
		global $app;
		if($this->checkpath($filename) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $filename", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		$lines = @file($filename);
		$out = '';
		$found = 0;
		if(is_array($lines)) {
			foreach($lines as $line) {
				if($strict == 0 && preg_match('/^REGEX:(.*)$/', $search_pattern)) {
					if(preg_match(substr($search_pattern, 6), $line)) {
						$out .= $new_line."\n";
						$found = 1;
					} else {
						$out .= $line;
					}
				} elseif($strict == 0) {
					if(stristr($line, $search_pattern)) {
						$out .= $new_line."\n";
						$found = 1;
					} else {
						$out .= $line;
					}
				} else {
					if(trim($line) == $search_pattern) {
						$out .= $new_line."\n";
						$found = 1;
					} else {
						$out .= $line;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if($found == 0) {
			//* add \n if the last line does not end with \n or \r
			if(substr($out, -1) != "\n" && substr($out, -1) != "\r" && filesize($filename) > 0) $out .= "\n";
			//* add the new line at the end of the file
			if($append == 1) {
				$out .= $new_line."\n";
			}
		}
		file_put_contents($filename, $out);
	}

	function removeLine($filename, $search_pattern, $strict = 0) {
		global $app;
		if($this->checkpath($filename) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, file is a symlink: $filename", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		if($lines = @file($filename)) {
			$out = '';
			foreach($lines as $line) {
				if($strict == 0 && preg_match('/^REGEX:(.*)$/', $search_pattern)) {
					if(!preg_match(substr($search_pattern, 6), $line)) {
						$out .= $line;
					}
				} elseif($strict == 0) {
					if(!stristr($line, $search_pattern)) {
						$out .= $line;
					}
				} else {
					if(!trim($line) == $search_pattern) {
						$out .= $line;
					}
				}
			}
			file_put_contents($filename, $out);
		}
	}

	function maildirmake($maildir_path, $user = '', $subfolder = '', $group = '') {

		global $app, $conf;

		// load the server configuration options
		$app->uses("getconf");
		$mail_config = $app->getconf->get_server_config($conf["server_id"], 'mail');

		if($subfolder != '') {
			$dir = $maildir_path.'/.'.$subfolder;
		} else {
			$dir = $maildir_path;
		}

		if(!is_dir($dir)) mkdir($dir, 0700, true);

		if($user != '' && $user != 'root' && $this->is_user($user)) {
			if(is_dir($dir)) $this->chown($dir, $user);

			$chown_mdsub = true;
		}

		if($group != '' && $group != 'root' && $this->is_group($group)) {
			if(is_dir($dir)) $this->chgrp($dir, $group);

			$chgrp_mdsub = true;
		}

		$maildirsubs = array('cur', 'new', 'tmp');

		foreach ($maildirsubs as $mdsub) {
			if(!is_dir($dir.'/'.$mdsub)) mkdir($dir.'/'.$mdsub, 0700, true);
			if ($chown_mdsub) chown($dir.'/'.$mdsub, $user);
			if ($chgrp_mdsub) chgrp($dir.'/'.$mdsub, $group);
		}

		chmod($dir, 0700);

		//* Add the subfolder to the subscriptions and courierimapsubscribed files
		if($subfolder != '') {

			// Courier
			if($mail_config['pop3_imap_daemon'] == 'courier') {
				if(!is_file($maildir_path.'/courierimapsubscribed')) {
					$tmp_file = $maildir_path.'/courierimapsubscribed';
					touch($tmp_file);
					chmod($tmp_file, 0744);
					chown($tmp_file, 'vmail');
					chgrp($tmp_file, 'vmail');
				}
				$this->replaceLine($maildir_path.'/courierimapsubscribed', 'INBOX.'.$subfolder, 'INBOX.'.$subfolder, 1, 1);
			}

			// Dovecot
			if($mail_config['pop3_imap_daemon'] == 'dovecot') {
				if(!is_file($maildir_path.'/subscriptions')) {
					$tmp_file = $maildir_path.'/subscriptions';
					touch($tmp_file);
					chmod($tmp_file, 0744);
					chown($tmp_file, 'vmail');
					chgrp($tmp_file, 'vmail');
				}
				$this->replaceLine($maildir_path.'/subscriptions', $subfolder, $subfolder, 1, 1);
			}
		}

		$app->log('Created Maildir '.$maildir_path.' with subfolder: '.$subfolder, LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

	}

	//* Function to create directory paths and chown them to a user and group
	function mkdirpath($path, $mode = 0755, $user = '', $group = '', $run_as_user = null) {
		$path_parts = explode('/', $path);
		$new_path = '';
		if(is_array($path_parts)) {
			foreach($path_parts as $part) {
				$new_path .= '/'.$part;
				if(!@is_dir($new_path)) {
					$this->mkdir($new_path, false, 0777, false, $run_as_user);
					$this->chmod($new_path, $mode);
					if($user != '') $this->chown($new_path, $user);
					if($group != '') $this->chgrp($new_path, $group);
				}
			}
		}

	}

	function _exec($command, $allow_return_codes = null) {
		global $app;
		$out = array();
		$ret = 0;
		$app->log('exec: '.$command, LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
		exec($command, $out, $ret);
		if(is_array($allow_return_codes) && in_array($ret, $allow_return_codes)) return true;
		elseif($ret != 0) return false;
		else return true;
	}

	//* Check if a application is installed
	function is_installed($appname) {
		$this->exec_safe('which ? 2> /dev/null', $appname);
		$out = $this->last_exec_out();
		$returncode = $this->last_exec_retcode();
		if(isset($out[0]) && stristr($out[0], $appname) && $returncode == 0) {
			return true;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}

	function set_immutable($path, $enable = true, $recursive = false) {
		global $app;

		if($this->checkpath($path) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, target is a symlink: $path", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return false;
		}

		if($path != '' && $path != '/' && strlen($path) > 6 && strpos($path, '..') === false && (is_file($path) || is_dir($path))) {
			if($enable) {
				$this->exec_safe('chattr +i ?', $path);
			} else {
				$this->exec_safe('chattr -i ?', $path);
			}

			if($enable === false && $recursive === true && is_dir($path)) {
				// only allow when removing immutable
				$this->exec_safe('chattr -R -i ?', $path);
			}
		}
	}

	public function is_blacklisted_web_path($path) {
		$blacklist = array('bin', 'cgi-bin', 'dev', 'etc', 'home', 'lib', 'lib64', 'log', 'ssl', 'usr', 'var', 'proc', 'net', 'sys', 'srv', 'sbin', 'run');

		$path = ltrim($path, '/');
		$parts = explode('/', $path);
		if(in_array(strtolower($parts[0]), $blacklist, true)) {
			return true;
		}

		return false;
	}

	function web_folder_protection($document_root, $protect) {
		global $app, $conf;

		if($this->checkpath($document_root) == false) {
			$app->log("Action aborted, target is a symlink: $document_root", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return false;
		}

		//* load the server configuration options
		$app->uses('getconf');
		$web_config = $app->getconf->get_server_config($conf['server_id'], 'web');

		if($protect == true && $web_config['web_folder_protection'] == 'y') {
			//* Add protection
			if($document_root != '' && $document_root != '/' && strlen($document_root) > 6 && !stristr($document_root, '..')) $this->exec_safe('chattr +i ?', $document_root);
		} else {
			//* Remove protection
			if($document_root != '' && $document_root != '/' && strlen($document_root) > 6 && !stristr($document_root, '..')) $this->exec_safe('chattr -i ?', $document_root);
		}
	}

	function usermod($username, $uid = 0, $gid = 0, $home = '', $shell = '', $password = '', $login = '') {
		global $app;

		if($login == '') $login = $username;

		//* Change values in /etc/passwd
		$passwd_file_array = file('/etc/passwd');
		if(is_array($passwd_file_array)) {
			foreach($passwd_file_array as $line) {
				$line = trim($line);
				$parts = explode(':', $line);
				if($parts[0] == $username) {
					if(trim($login) != '' && trim($login) != trim($username)) $parts[0] = trim($login);
					if(!empty($uid)) $parts[2] = trim($uid);
					if(!empty($gid)) $parts[3] = trim($gid);
					if(trim($home) != '') $parts[5] = trim($home);
					if(trim($shell) != '') $parts[6] = trim($shell);
					$new_line = implode(':', $parts);
					copy('/etc/passwd', '/etc/passwd~');
					chmod('/etc/passwd~', 0600);
					$app->uses('system');
					$app->system->replaceLine('/etc/passwd', $line, $new_line, 1, 0);
				}
			}
			unset($passwd_file_array);
		}

		//* If username != login, change username in group and gshadow file
		if($username  != $login) {
			$group_file_array = file('/etc/group');
			if(is_array($group_file_array)) {
				foreach($group_file_array as $line) {
					$line = trim($line);
					$parts = explode(':', $line);
					if(strstr($parts[3], $username)) {
						$uparts = explode(',', $parts[3]);
						if(is_array($uparts)) {
							foreach($uparts as $key => $val) {
								if($val == $username) $uparts[$key] = $login;
							}
						}
						$parts[3] = implode(',', $uparts);
						$new_line = implode(':', $parts);
						copy('/etc/group', '/etc/group~');
						chmod('/etc/group~', 0600);
						$app->system->replaceLine('/etc/group', $line, $new_line, 1, 0);
					}
				}
			}
			unset($group_file_array);

			$gshadow_file_array = file('/etc/gshadow');
			if(is_array($gshadow_file_array)) {
				foreach($gshadow_file_array as $line) {
					$line = trim($line);
					$parts = explode(':', $line);
					if(strstr($parts[3], $username)) {
						$uparts = explode(',', $parts[3]);
						if(is_array($uparts)) {
							foreach($uparts as $key => $val) {
								if($val == $username) $uparts[$key] = $login;
							}
						}
						$parts[3] = implode(',', $uparts);
						$new_line = implode(':', $parts);
						copy('/etc/gshadow', '/etc/gshadow~');
						chmod('/etc/gshadow~', 0600);
						$app->system->replaceLine('/etc/gshadow', $line, $new_line, 1, 0);
					}
				}
			}
			unset($group_file_array);
		}


		//* When password or login name has been changed
		if($password != '' || $username  != $login) {
			$shadow_file_array = file('/etc/shadow');
			if(is_array($shadow_file_array)) {
				foreach($shadow_file_array as $line) {
					$line = trim($line);
					$parts = explode(':', $line);
					if($parts[0] == $username) {
						if(trim($login) != '' && trim($login) != trim($username)) $parts[0] = trim($login);
						if(trim($password) != '') $parts[1] = trim($password);
						$new_line = implode(':', $parts);
						copy('/etc/shadow', '/etc/shadow~');
						chmod('/etc/shadow~', 0600);
						$app->system->replaceLine('/etc/shadow', $line, $new_line, 1, 0);
					}
				}
			}
			unset($shadow_file_array);
		}
	}

	function intval($string, $force_numeric = false) {
		if(intval($string) == 2147483647) {
			if($force_numeric == true) return floatval($string);
			elseif(preg_match('/^([-]?)[0]*([1-9][0-9]*)([^0-9].*)*$/', $string, $match)) return $match[1].$match[2];
			else return 0;
		} else {
			return intval($string);
		}
	}

	function is_mounted($mountpoint){
		//$cmd = 'df 2>/dev/null | grep " '.$mountpoint.'$"';
		$cmd = 'mount 2>/dev/null | grep ?';
		$this->exec_safe($cmd, ' on '. $mountpoint . ' type ');
		$return_var = $this->last_exec_retcode();
		return $return_var == 0 ? true : false;
	}

	function mount_backup_dir($backup_dir, $mount_cmd = '/usr/local/ispconfig/server/scripts/backup_dir_mount.sh'){
		global $app, $conf;

		if($this->is_mounted($backup_dir)) return true;

		$mounted = true;
		if ( 	is_file($mount_cmd) &&
				is_executable($mount_cmd) &&
				fileowner($mount_cmd) === 0
		) {
			if (!$this->is_mounted($backup_dir)){
				exec($mount_cmd);
				sleep(1);
				if (!$this->is_mounted($backup_dir)) $mounted = false;
			}
		} else $mounted = false;
		if (!$mounted) {
			//* send email to admin that backup directory could not be mounted
			$global_config = $app->getconf->get_global_config('mail');
			if($global_config['admin_mail'] != ''){
				$subject = 'Backup directory '.$backup_dir.' could not be mounted';
				$message = "Backup directory ".$backup_dir." could not be mounted.\n\nThe command\n\n".$mount_cmd."\n\nfailed.";
				mail($global_config['admin_mail'], $subject, $message);
			}
		}

		return $mounted;
	}

	function umount_backup_dir($backup_dir, $mount_cmd = '/usr/local/ispconfig/server/scripts/backup_dir_umount.sh'){
		global $app, $conf;

		if ( 	is_file($mount_cmd) &&
				is_executable($mount_cmd) &&
				fileowner($mount_cmd) === 0
		) {
			if ($this->is_mounted($backup_dir)){
				exec($mount_cmd);
				sleep(1);

		        $unmounted = $this->is_mounted($backup_dir) == 0 ? true : false;
				if(!$unmounted) {
					//* send email to admin that backup directory could not be unmounted
					$global_config = $app->getconf->get_global_config('mail');
					if($global_config['admin_mail'] != ''){
						$subject = 'Backup directory '.$backup_dir.' could not be unmounted';
						$message = "Backup directory ".$backup_dir." could not be unmounted.\n\nThe command\n\n".$mount_cmd."\n\nfailed.";
						mail($global_config['admin_mail'], $subject, $message);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		return $unmounted;

	}

	function _getinitcommand($servicename, $action, $init_script_directory = '', $check_service) {
		global $conf, $app;

		// upstart
		/* removed upstart support - deprecated
		if(is_executable('/sbin/initctl')){
			exec('/sbin/initctl version 2>/dev/null | /bin/grep -q upstart', $retval['output'], $retval['retval']);
			if(intval($retval['retval']) == 0) return 'service '.$servicename.' '.$action;
		}
		*/

		if(!in_array($action,array('start','stop','restart','reload','force-reload'))) {
			$app->log('Invalid init command action '.$action,LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		//* systemd (now default in all supported OS)
		if(is_executable('/bin/systemd') || is_executable('/usr/bin/systemctl')){
			$app->log('Trying to use Systemd to restart service',LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

			//* Test service name via regex
			if(preg_match('/[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-\_]/',$servicename)) {

				//* Test if systemd service is enabled
				if ($check_service) {
					$this->exec_safe("systemctl is-enabled ? 2>&1", $servicename);
					$ret_val = $this->last_exec_retcode();
				} else {
					$app->log('Systemd service '.$servicename.' not found or not enabled.',LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				}

				//* Return service command
				if ($ret_val == 0 || !$check_service) {
					return 'systemctl '.$action.' '.$servicename.'.service';
				} else {
					$app->log('Failed to use Systemd to restart service '.$servicename.', we try init script instead.',LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				}
			} else {
				$app->log('Systemd service name contains invalid chars: '.$servicename,LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			}
		} else {
			$app->log('Not using Systemd to restart services',LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
		}

		//* sysvinit fallback
		$app->log('Using init script to restart service',LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

		//* Get init script directory
		if($init_script_directory == '') $init_script_directory = $conf['init_scripts'];
		if(substr($init_script_directory, -1) === '/') $init_script_directory = substr($init_script_directory, 0, -1);
		$init_script_directory = realpath($init_script_directory);

		//* Check init script dir
		if(!is_dir($init_script_directory)) {
			$app->log('Init script directory '.$init_script_directory.' not found',LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		//* Forbidden init script paths
		if(substr($init_script_directory,0,4) == '/var' || substr($init_script_directory,0,4) == '/tmp') {
			$app->log('Do not put init scripts in /var or /tmp folder.',LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		//* Check init script dir owner
		if(fileowner($init_script_directory) !== 0) {
			$app->log('Init script directory '.$init_script_directory.' not owned by root user',LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		$full_init_script_path = realpath($init_script_directory.'/'.$servicename);

    //** Gentoo, keep symlink as init script, but do some checks
    if(file_exists('/etc/gentoo-release')) {
      //* check if init script is symlink
      if(is_link($init_script_directory.'/'.$servicename)) {
        //* Check init script owner (realpath, symlink is checked later)
      	if(fileowner($full_init_script_path) !== 0) {
      		$app->log('Init script '.$full_init_script_path.' not owned by root user',LOGLEVEL_WARN);
      		return false;
        }

        //* full path is symlink
        $full_init_script_path_symlink = $init_script_directory.'/'.$servicename;

        //* check if realpath matches symlink
        if(strpos($full_init_script_path_symlink,$full_init_script_path) == 0) {
          $full_init_script_path = $full_init_script_path_symlink;
        }
      }
    }

		if($full_init_script_path == '') {
			$app->log('No init script for: '.$servicename.' with action: '.$action.' and path: '.$init_script_directory.', we quit here.',LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		//* Check init script
		if(!is_file($full_init_script_path)) {
			$app->log('Init script '.$full_init_script_path.' for '.$servicename.' not found',LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		//* Check init script owner
		if(fileowner($full_init_script_path) !== 0) {
			$app->log('Init script '.$full_init_script_path.' not owned by root user',LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		if($check_service && is_executable($full_init_script_path)) {
			return $full_init_script_path.' '.$action;
		}
		if (!$check_service) {
			return $full_init_script_path.' '.$action;
		}
	}

	function getinitcommand($servicename, $action, $init_script_directory = '', $check_service=true) {
		if (is_array($servicename)) {
			foreach($servicename as $service) {
				$out = $this->_getinitcommand($service, $action, $init_script_directory, true);
				if ($out != '') return $out;
			}
		} else {
			return $this->_getinitcommand($servicename, $action, $init_script_directory, $check_service);
		}
	}

	function getopensslversion($get_minor = false) {
		global $app;
		if($this->is_installed('openssl')) $cmd = 'openssl version';
		else {
			$app->log("Could not check OpenSSL version, openssl not found.", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return '1.0.1';
		}

		exec($cmd, $output, $return_var);
		if($return_var != 0 || !$output[0]) {
			$app->log("Could not check OpenSSL version, openssl did not return any data.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return '1.0.1';
		}
		if(preg_match('/OpenSSL\s*(\d+)(\.(\d+)(\.(\d+))*)?(\D|$)/i', $output[0], $matches)) {
			return $matches[1] . (isset($matches[3]) ? '.' . $matches[3] : '') . (isset($matches[5]) && $get_minor == true ? '.' . $matches[5] : '');
		} else {
			$app->log("Could not check OpenSSL version, did not find version string in openssl output.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return '1.0.1';
		}
	}

	function getnginxversion($get_minor = false) {
		global $app;

		if($this->is_installed('nginx')) $cmd = 'nginx -v 2>&1';
		else {
			$app->log("Could not check Nginx version, nginx not found.", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return false;
		}

		exec($cmd, $output, $return_var);

		if($return_var != 0 || !$output[0]) {
			$app->log("Could not check Nginx version, nginx did not return any data.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		if(preg_match('/nginx version: nginx\/\s*(\d+)(\.(\d+)(\.(\d+))*)?(\D|$)/i', $output[0], $matches)) {
			return $matches[1] . (isset($matches[3]) ? '.' . $matches[3] : '') . (isset($matches[5]) && $get_minor == true ? '.' . $matches[5] : '');
		} else {
			$app->log("Could not check Nginx version, did not find version string in nginx output.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
	}

	function getapacheversion($get_minor = false) {
		global $app;

		$cmd = '';
		if($this->is_installed('apache2ctl')) $cmd = 'apache2ctl -v';
		elseif($this->is_installed('apachectl')) $cmd = 'apachectl -v';
		else {
			$app->log("Could not check apache version, apachectl not found.", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return '2.2';
		}

		exec($cmd, $output, $return_var);
		if($return_var != 0 || !$output[0]) {
			$app->log("Could not check apache version, apachectl did not return any data.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return '2.2';
		}

		if(preg_match('/version:\s*Apache\/(\d+)(\.(\d+)(\.(\d+))*)?(\D|$)/i', $output[0], $matches)) {
			return $matches[1] . (isset($matches[3]) ? '.' . $matches[3] : '') . (isset($matches[5]) && $get_minor == true ? '.' . $matches[5] : '');
		} else {
			$app->log("Could not check apache version, did not find version string in apachectl output.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return '2.2';
		}
	}

	function getapachemodules() {
		global $app;

		$cmd = '';
		if($this->is_installed('apache2ctl')) $cmd = 'apache2ctl -t -D DUMP_MODULES';
		elseif($this->is_installed('apachectl')) $cmd = 'apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES';
		else {
			$app->log("Could not check apache modules, apachectl not found.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return array();
		}

		exec($cmd . ' 2>/dev/null', $output, $return_var);
		if($return_var != 0 || !$output[0]) {
			$app->log("Could not check apache modules, apachectl did not return any data.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return array();
		}

		$modules = array();
		for($i = 0; $i < count($output); $i++) {
			if(preg_match('/^\s*(\w+)\s+\((shared|static)\)\s*$/', $output[$i], $matches)) {
				$modules[] = $matches[1];
			}
		}

		return $modules;
	}

	//* ISPConfig mail function
	public function mail($to, $subject, $text, $from, $filepath = '', $filetype = 'application/pdf', $filename = '', $cc = '', $bcc = '', $from_name = '') {
		global $app, $conf;

		if($conf['demo_mode'] == true) $app->error("Mail sending disabled in demo mode.");

		$app->uses('getconf,ispcmail');
		$mail_config = $app->getconf->get_global_config('mail');
		if($mail_config['smtp_enabled'] == 'y') {
			$mail_config['use_smtp'] = true;
			$app->ispcmail->setOptions($mail_config);
		}
		$app->ispcmail->setSender($from, $from_name);
		$app->ispcmail->setSubject($subject);
		$app->ispcmail->setMailText($text);

		if($filepath != '') {
			if(!file_exists($filepath)) $app->error("Mail attachement does not exist ".$filepath);
			$app->ispcmail->readAttachFile($filepath);
		}

		if($cc != '') $app->ispcmail->setHeader('Cc', $cc);
		if($bcc != '') $app->ispcmail->setHeader('Bcc', $bcc);

		$app->ispcmail->send($to);
		$app->ispcmail->finish();

		return true;
	}

	public function is_allowed_user($username, $check_id = true, $restrict_names = false) {
		global $app;

		$name_blacklist = array('root','ispconfig','vmail','getmail');
		if(in_array($username,$name_blacklist)) return false;

		if(preg_match('/^[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]{1,32}$/', $username) == false) return false;

		if($check_id && intval($this->getuid($username)) < $this->min_uid) return false;

		if($restrict_names == true && preg_match('/^web\d+$/', $username) == false) return false;

		return true;
	}

	public function is_allowed_group($groupname, $check_id = true, $restrict_names = false) {
		global $app;

		$name_blacklist = array('root','ispconfig','vmail','getmail');
		if(in_array($groupname,$name_blacklist)) return false;

		if(preg_match('/^[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]{1,32}$/', $groupname) == false) return false;

		if($check_id && intval($this->getgid($groupname)) < $this->min_gid) return false;

		if($restrict_names == true && preg_match('/^client\d+$/', $groupname) == false) return false;

		return true;
	}

	public function is_redhat_os() {
		global $app;

		if(file_exists('/etc/redhat-release') && (filesize('/etc/redhat-release') > 0)) {
			return true;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}

	public function get_os_type() {
		global $app;

		$dist = "undetected";
		$version = "unknown";
		$full_version = "unknown";

		if (file_exists('/etc/redhat-release') && (filesize('/etc/redhat-release') > 0)) {
			$dist = "redhat";
			if (file_exists('/etc/os-release')) {
				$os_release = file_get_contents('/etc/os-release');
				if (preg_match('/VERSION_ID="([^"]+)"/', $os_release, $matches)) {
					$version = $matches[1];
				}
			}
			$full_version = trim(file_get_contents('/etc/redhat-release'));
		} elseif (file_exists('/etc/debian_version') && (filesize('/etc/debian_version') > 0)) {
			$dist = "debian";
			if (file_exists('/etc/os-release')) {
				$os_release = file_get_contents('/etc/os-release');
				if (preg_match('/VERSION_ID="([^"]+)"/', $os_release, $matches)) {
					$version = $matches[1];
				}
			}
			$full_version = trim(file_get_contents('/etc/debian_version'));
		} elseif (strstr(trim(file_get_contents('/etc/issue')), 'Ubuntu') || (is_file('/etc/os-release') && stristr(file_get_contents('/etc/os-release'), 'Ubuntu'))) {
			$dist = "ubuntu";
			if (file_exists('/etc/os-release')) {
				$os_release = file_get_contents('/etc/os-release');
				if (preg_match('/VERSION="([^"]+)"/', $os_release, $matches)) {
					$full_version = $matches[1];
				}
				if (preg_match('/VERSION_ID="([^"]+)"/', $os_release, $matches)) {
					$version = $matches[1];
				}
			}
		} elseif (file_exists('/etc/SuSE-release') && (filesize('/etc/SuSE-release') > 0)) {
			$dist = "suse";
			if (file_exists('/etc/os-release')) {
				$os_release = file_get_contents('/etc/os-release');
				if (preg_match('/VERSION_ID="([^"]+)"/', $os_release, $matches)) {
					$version = $matches[1];
				}
			}
			$full_version = trim(file_get_contents('/etc/SuSE-release'));
		} elseif (file_exists('/etc/gentoo-release') && (filesize('/etc/gentoo-release') > 0)) {
			$dist = "gentoo";
			if (file_exists('/etc/os-release')) {
				$os_release = file_get_contents('/etc/os-release');
				if (preg_match('/VERSION_ID="([^"]+)"/', $os_release, $matches)) {
					$version = $matches[1];
				}
			}
			$full_version = trim(file_get_contents('/etc/gentoo-release'));
		}

		return [
			'type' => $dist,
			'version' => $version,
			'full_version' => $full_version
		];
	}

	public function is_allowed_path($path) {
		global $app;

		$path = $app->functions->normalize_path($path);
		if(file_exists($path)) {
			$path = realpath($path);
		}

		$blacklisted_paths_regex = array(
			'@^/$@',
			'@^/proc(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/sys(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/etc(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/dev(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/tmp(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/run(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/boot(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/root(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/var(/?|/backups?(/.*)?)?$@',
		);

		foreach($blacklisted_paths_regex as $regex) {
			if(preg_match($regex, $path)) {
				return false;
			}
		}

		return true;
	}

	public function last_exec_out() {
		return $this->_last_exec_out;
	}

	public function last_exec_retcode() {
		return $this->_last_exec_retcode;
	}

	public function exec_safe($cmd) {
		global $app;

		$args = func_get_args();
		$arg_count = func_num_args();
		if($arg_count != substr_count($cmd, '?') + 1) {
			trigger_error('Placeholder count not matching argument list.', E_USER_WARNING);
			return false;
		}
		if($arg_count > 1) {
			array_shift($args);

			$pos = 0;
			$a = 0;
			foreach($args as $value) {
				$a++;

				$pos = strpos($cmd, '?', $pos);
				if($pos === false) {
					break;
				}
				$value = escapeshellarg($value);
				$cmd = substr_replace($cmd, $value, $pos, 1);
				$pos += strlen($value);
			}
		}

		$this->_last_exec_out = null;
		$this->_last_exec_retcode = null;
		$ret = exec($cmd, $this->_last_exec_out, $this->_last_exec_retcode);

		$app->log("safe_exec cmd: " . $cmd . " - return code: " . $this->_last_exec_retcode, LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

		return $ret;
	}

	public function system_safe($cmd) {
		call_user_func_array(array($this, 'exec_safe'), func_get_args());
		return implode("\n", $this->_last_exec_out);
	}

	public function create_jailkit_user($username, $home_dir, $user_home_dir, $shell = '/bin/bash', $p_user = null, $p_user_home_dir = null) {
		global $app;

		// Disallow operating on root directory
		if(realpath($home_dir) == '/') {
			$app->log("create_jailkit_user: invalid home_dir: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		// Check if USERHOMEDIR already exists
		if(!is_dir($home_dir . '/.' . $user_home_dir)) {
			$this->mkdirpath($home_dir . '/.' . $user_home_dir, 0755, $username);
		}

		// Reconfigure the chroot home directory for the user
		$cmd = 'usermod --home=? ? 2>/dev/null';
		$this->exec_safe($cmd, $home_dir . '/.' . $user_home_dir, $username);

		// Add the chroot user
		$cmd = 'jk_jailuser -n -s ? -j ? ?';
		$this->exec_safe($cmd, $shell, $home_dir, $username);

		//  We have to reconfigure the chroot home directory for the parent user
		if($p_user !== null) {
			$cmd = 'usermod --home=? ? 2>/dev/null';
			$this->exec_safe($cmd, $home_dir . '/.' . $p_user_home_dir, $p_user);
		}

		return true;
	}

	public function create_jailkit_chroot($home_dir, $app_sections = array(), $options = array()) {
		global $app;
		$app->log("create_jailkit_chroot: called for home_dir $home_dir with options: " . print_r($options, true), LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

		// Disallow operating on root directory
		if(realpath($home_dir) == '/') {
			$app->log("create_jailkit_chroot: invalid home_dir: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		if(!is_dir($home_dir)) {
			$app->log("create_jailkit_chroot: jail directory does not exist: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		if(empty($app_sections)) {
			return true;
		} elseif(is_string($app_sections)) {
			$app_sections = preg_split('/[\s,]+/', $app_sections);
		}
		if(!is_array($options)) {
			$options = (is_string($options) ? preg_split('/[\s,]+/', $options) : array());
		}

		// Change ownership of the chroot directory to root
		$this->chown($home_dir, 'root');
		$this->chgrp($home_dir, 'root');

		$program_args = '';
		foreach ($options as $opt) {
			switch ($opt) {
			case '-k':
			case 'hardlink':
				$program_args .= ' -k';
				break;
			case '-f':
			case 'force':
				$program_args .= ' -f';
				break;
			}
		}
		# /etc/jailkit/jk_init.ini is the default path, probably not needed?
		$program_args .= ' -c /etc/jailkit/jk_init.ini -j ?';
		foreach($app_sections as $app_section) {
			if ($app_section == '') {
				continue;
			}
			# should check that section exists with jk_init --list ?
			$program_args .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($app_section);
		}

		// Initialize the chroot into the specified directory with the specified applications
		$cmd = 'jk_init' . $program_args;
		$app->log("Executing command: $cmd", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
		$this->exec_safe($cmd, $home_dir);

		// Check for errors in the command execution
		if ($this->last_exec_retcode() != 0) {
			$app->log("Error executing jk_init command: " . implode("\n", $this->last_exec_out()), LOGLEVEL_ERROR);
			return false;
		}

		// Create the tmp and /var/run directories
		if(!is_dir($home_dir . '/tmp')) {
			$this->mkdirpath($home_dir . '/tmp', 0770);
		} else {
			$this->chmod($home_dir . '/tmp', 0770, true);
		}
		if(!is_dir($home_dir . '/var/run')) {
			$this->mkdirpath($home_dir . '/var/run', 0755);
		} else {
			$this->chmod($home_dir . '/var/run', 0755, true);
		}
		if(!is_dir($home_dir . '/var/tmp')) {
			$this->mkdirpath($home_dir . '/var/tmp', 0770);
		} else {
			$this->chmod($home_dir . '/var/tmp', 0770, true);
		}

		// Fix permissions of the root directory
		$this->chmod($home_dir . '/bin', 0755, true);  // was chmod g-w $CHROOT_HOMEDIR/bin

		return true;
	}

	public function create_jailkit_programs($home_dir, $programs = array(), $options = array()) {
		global $app;
		$app->log("create_jailkit_programs: called for home_dir $home_dir with options: " . print_r($options, true), LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

		// Disallow operating on root directory
		if(realpath($home_dir) == '/') {
			$app->log("create_jailkit_programs: invalid home_dir: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		if(!is_dir($home_dir)) {
			$app->log("create_jailkit_programs: jail directory does not exist: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}
		if(empty($programs)) {
			return true;
		} elseif(is_string($programs)) {
			$programs = preg_split('/[\s,]+/', $programs);
		}
		if(! is_array($options)) {
			$options = (is_string($options) ? preg_split('/[\s,]+/', $options) : array());
		}

		# prohibit ill-advised copying paths known to be sensitive/problematic
		# (easy to bypass if needed, eg. use /./etc)
		$blacklisted_paths_regex = array(
			'@^/$@',
			'@^/proc(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/sys(/.*)?$@',
			'@^/etc/?$@',
			'@^/dev/?$@',
			'@^/tmp/?$@',
			'@^/run/?$@',
			'@^/boot/?$@',
			'@^/var(/?|/backups?/?)?$@',
		);

		$program_args = '';
		foreach ($options as $opt) {
			switch ($opt) {
			case '-k':
			case 'hardlink':
				$program_args .= ' -k';
				break;
			case '-f':
			case 'force':
				$program_args .= ' -f';
				break;
			}
		}
		$program_args .= ' -j ?';

		$bad_paths = array();
		foreach($programs as $prog) {
			if ($prog == '') {
				continue;
			}
			foreach ($blacklisted_paths_regex as $re) {
				if (preg_match($re, $prog, $matches)) {
					$bad_paths[] = $matches[0];
				}
			}
			if (count($bad_paths) > 0) {
				$app->log("Prohibited path not added to jail $home_dir: " . implode(", ", $bad_paths), LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			} else {
				$program_args .= ' ' . escapeshellarg($prog);
			}
		}

		if (count($programs) > count($bad_paths)) {
			$cmd = 'jk_cp' . $program_args;
			$this->exec_safe($cmd, $home_dir);
		}

		return true;
	}

	public function update_jailkit_chroot($home_dir, $sections = array(), $programs = array(), $options = array()) {
		global $app;

		$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot called for $home_dir with options ".print_r($options, true), LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
		$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot called for $home_dir with sections ".print_r($sections, true), LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

		$app->uses('ini_parser');

		// Disallow operating on root directory
		if(realpath($home_dir) == '/') {
			$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: invalid home_dir: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		if(!is_dir($home_dir)) {
			$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: jail directory does not exist: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		$jailkit_directories = array(
			'bin',
			'dev',
			'etc',
			'lib',
			'lib32',
			'lib64',
			'opt',
			'sys',
			'usr',
			'var',
		);

		$opts = array();
		$jk_update_args = '';
		$jk_cp_args = '';
		$skips = '';
		foreach ($options as $opt) {
			switch ($opt) {
			case '-k':
			case 'hardlink':
				$opts[] = 'hardlink';
				$jk_update_args .= ' -k';
				$jk_cp_args .= ' -k';
				break;
			case '-f':
			case 'force':
				$opts[] = 'force';
				$jk_cp_args .= ' -f';
				break;
			default:
				if (is_string($opt) && preg_match('@^skip[ =]/?(.+)$@', $opt, $matches) ) {
					if (in_array($matches[1], $jailkit_directories)) {
						$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: skipping update of jailkit directory $home_dir/".$matches[1]
							. "; if this is in use as a web folder, it is insecure and should be fixed.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
					}
					$jailkit_directories = $app->functions->array_unset_by_value($jailkit_directories, $matches[1]);
					$skips .= ' --skip=/'.escapeshellarg($matches[1]);
				}
				break;
			}
		}

		// Change ownership of the chroot directory to root
		$this->chown($home_dir, 'root');
		$this->chgrp($home_dir, 'root');

		$multiple_links = array();
		foreach ($jailkit_directories as $dir) {
			$root_dir = '/'.$dir;
			$jail_dir = rtrim($home_dir, '/') . '/'.$dir;

			if (!is_dir($jail_dir)) {
				$skips .= " --skip=/$dir";
				continue;
			}

			// if directory exists in jail but not in root, remove it
			if (is_dir($jail_dir) && !is_dir($root_dir)) {
				$this->rmdir($jail_dir, true);
				$skips .= " --skip=/$dir";
				continue;
			}

			$this->remove_broken_symlinks($jail_dir, true);
			$this->remove_recursive_symlinks($jail_dir, $home_dir, true);

			// save list of hardlinked files
			if (!(in_array('hardlink', $opts) || in_array('allow_hardlink', $options))) {
				$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: searching for hardlinks in $jail_dir", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
                                $find_multiple_links = function ( $path ) use ( &$find_multiple_links ) {
					$found = array();
					if (is_dir($path) && !is_link($path)) {
						$objects = array_diff(scandir($path), array('.', '..'));
						foreach ($objects as $object) {
							$ret = $find_multiple_links( "$path/$object" );
							if (count($ret) > 0) {
								$found = array_merge($found, $ret);
							}
						}
					} elseif (is_file($path)) {
						$stat = lstat($path);
						if ($stat['nlink'] > 1) {
							$found[$path] = $path;
						}
					}
					return $found;
				};

				$ret = $find_multiple_links($jail_dir);
				if (count($ret) > 0) {
					$multiple_links = array_merge($multiple_links, $ret);
				}

				// remove broken symlinks a second time after hardlink cleanup
				$this->remove_broken_symlinks($jail_dir, true);
			} else {
				$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: NOT searching for hardlinks in $jail_dir, options: ".print_r($options, true), LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			}
		}

		foreach ($multiple_links as $file) {
			$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: removing hardlinked file: $file", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			unlink($file);
		}

		$cmd = 'jk_update --jail=?' . $jk_update_args . $skips;
		$this->exec_safe($cmd, $home_dir);
		$app->log('jk_update returned: '.print_r($this->_last_exec_out, true), LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
		# handle jk_update output
		foreach ($this->_last_exec_out as $line) {
			# jk_update sample output:
			# skip /var/www/clients/client1/web1/opt/
			# removing outdated file /var/www/clients/client15/web19/usr/bin/host
			# removing deprecated directory /var/www/clients/client15/web19/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtasn1.so.6.5.3
			# Creating symlink /var/www/clients/client15/web19/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicudata.so.65 to libicudata.so.65.1
			# Copying /usr/bin/mysql to /var/www/clients/client15/web19/usr/bin/mysql
			if (preg_match('@^(skip|removing (outdated|deprecated)|Creating|Copying)@', $line)) {
				continue;
			}

			# jk_update sample output:
			# ERROR: failed to remove deprecated directory /var/www/clients/client1/web10/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGeoIP.so.1.6.9
			if (preg_match('@^(?:[^ ]+ ){6}(?:.+)('.preg_quote($home_dir, '@').'.+)@', $line, $matches)) {
				# remove deprecated files that jk_update failed to remove
				if (is_file($matches[1]) || is_link($matches[1])) {
					$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: removing deprecated file which jk_update failed to remove:  ".$matches[1], LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
					unlink($matches[1]);
				} elseif (is_dir($matches[1]) && !is_link($matches[1])) {
					$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: removing deprecated directory which jk_update failed to remove:  ".$matches[1], LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
					$this->rmdir($matches[1], true);
				} else {
					# unhandled error
					//$app->log("jk_update error for jail $home_dir:  ".$matches[1], LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
					// at least for 3.2 beta, lets gather some of this info:
					$app->log("jk_update error for jail $home_dir, feel free to pass to ispconfig developers:  ".print_r( $matches, true), LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				}

			# any other ERROR or WARNING
			# sample so far:
			# ERROR: /usr/bin/nano does not exist
			# WARNING: section [whatever] does not exist in /etc/jailkit/jk_init.ini
			} elseif (preg_match('/^(WARNING|ERROR)/', $line, $matches)) {
				$app->log("jk_update: $line", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			}
		}

		// reinstall jailkit sections and programs
		if(!(empty($sections) && empty($programs))) {
			$this->create_jailkit_chroot($home_dir, $sections, $opts);
			$this->create_jailkit_programs($home_dir, $programs, $opts);
		}

		// Create the tmp and /var/run directories
		if(!is_dir($home_dir . '/tmp')) {
			$this->mkdirpath($home_dir . '/tmp', 0770);
		} else {
			$this->chmod($home_dir . '/tmp', 0770, true);
		}
		if(!is_dir($home_dir . '/var/run')) {
			$this->mkdirpath($home_dir . '/var/run', 0755);
		} else {
			$this->chmod($home_dir . '/var/run', 0755, true);
		}
		if(!is_dir($home_dir . '/var/tmp')) {
			$this->mkdirpath($home_dir . '/var/tmp', 0770);
		} else {
			$this->chmod($home_dir . '/var/tmp', 0770, true);
		}

		// If update_jailkit_chroot was called from cronjob 600-jailkit.inc.php, we need to check if the PHP cli binary is available in the jail
		if(isset($options['jk_php_maintenance_check']) && $options['jk_php_maintenance_check'] == 'yes') {
			$os_type = $app->system->get_os_type();
			$used_os_type = isset($os_type['type']) ? $os_type['type'] : 'unknown';

			if(is_array($options['homedir_usernames']) && !empty($options['homedir_usernames'])) {
				foreach($options['homedir_usernames'] as $homedir_username) {

					if($used_os_type == "debian" || $used_os_type == "ubuntu") {
						$php_binary = $home_dir . '/etc/alternatives/php';
					} elseif ($used_os_type == "redhat") {
						$php_binary = $home_dir . '/home/' . $homedir_username . '/.local/bin/php';
					} else {
						$php_binary = $home_dir . '/home/' . $homedir_username . '/.local/bin/php';
					}

					if(!empty($options['php_cli_binary'])) {
						$php_bin_dir = dirname($options['php_cli_binary']);
						if(!file_exists($home_dir . '/' . $options['php_cli_binary'])) {
							$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: The PHP cli binary " . $options['php_cli_binary'] . " is not available in the jail of the web " . $options['domain'], LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

							$fallback_php = $app->system->get_newest_php_bin($home_dir . $php_bin_dir);
							$fallback_php_bin = str_replace($home_dir, '', $fallback_php);

							if(!empty($fallback_php) && file_exists($fallback_php_bin)) {
								if(is_link($php_binary) || is_file($php_binary) || !file_exists($php_binary)) {
									unlink($php_binary);
									symlink($fallback_php_bin, $php_binary);
									$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: Found " . $fallback_php_bin . " as a fallback for PHP in the jail of " . $options['domain'], LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
								}
							}
						} else {
								$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: setting PHP to " . $options['php_cli_binary'], LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
								if(is_link($php_binary) || is_file($php_binary) || !file_exists($php_binary)) {
									unlink($php_binary);
									symlink($options['php_cli_binary'], $php_binary);
									if($used_os_type == "debian" || $$used_os_type == "ubuntu") {
										if(file_exists($home_dir . '/home/' . $homedir_username . '/.local/bin/php') && !file_exists($home_dir . '/home/' . $homedir_username . '/.local/bin/.lock_homephp')) {
											unlink($home_dir . '/home/' . $homedir_username . '/.local/bin/php');
										}/* else {
											$app->log("Lock file .lock_homephp for PHP exists in " . $home_dir . '/home/' . $homedir_username . '/.local/bin/.lock_homephp', LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
										}*/
									}
								}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// search for any hardlinked files which are now missing
		if (!(in_array('hardlink', $opts) || in_array('allow_hardlink', $options))) {
			foreach ($multiple_links as $file) {
				if (!is_file($file)) {
					// strip $home_dir from $file
					if (substr($file, 0, strlen(rtrim($home_dir, '/'))) == rtrim($home_dir, '/')) {
						$file = substr($file, strlen(rtrim($home_dir, '/')));
					}
					if (is_file($file)) { // file exists in root
						$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: previously hardlinked file still missing, running jk_cp to restore: $file", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
						$cmd = 'jk_cp -j ? ' . $jk_cp_args . ' ' . escapeshellarg($file);
						$this->exec_safe($cmd, $home_dir);
					} else {
						// not necessarily an error
						$app->log("update_jailkit_chroot: previously hardlinked file was not restored and is no longer present in system: $file", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Fix permissions of the root firectory
		$this->chmod($home_dir . '/bin', 0755, true);  // was chmod g-w $CHROOT_HOMEDIR/bin

		// remove non-existent jails from /etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini
		if (is_file('/etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini')) {
			$rewrite = false;
			$jk_socketd_ini = $app->ini_parser->parse_ini_file('/etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini');
			foreach ($jk_socketd_ini as $log => $settings) {
				$jail = preg_replace('@/dev/log$@', '', $log);
				if ($jail != $log && !is_dir($jail)) {
					unset($jk_socketd_ini[$log]);
					$rewrite=true;
				}
			}
			if ($rewrite) {
				$app->log('update_jailkit_chroot: writing /etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini', LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				$app->ini_parse->write_ini_file($jk_socketd_ini, '/etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini');
			}
		}

		return true;
	}

	public function delete_jailkit_chroot($home_dir, $options = array()) {
		global $app;

		$app->log("delete_jailkit_chroot called for $home_dir with options ".print_r($options, true), LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
		$app->uses('ini_parser');

		// Disallow operating on root directory
		if(realpath($home_dir) == '/') {
			$app->log("delete_jailkit_chroot: invalid home_dir: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
			return false;
		}

		if(!is_dir($home_dir)) {
			$app->log("delete_jailkit_chroot: jail directory does not exist: $home_dir", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			return false;
		}

		$jailkit_directories = array(
			'bin',
			'dev',
			'etc',
			'lib',
			'lib32',
			'lib64',
			'opt',
			'sys',
			'usr',
			'var',
			'run',		# not used by jailkit, but added for cleanup
		);

		foreach ($options as $opt) {
			switch ($opt) {
			default:
				if (preg_match('@^skip[ =]/?(.+)$@', $opt, $matches) ) {
					$matches[1] = ltrim($matches[1], '/');
					if (in_array($matches[1], $jailkit_directories)) {
						$app->log("delete_jailkit_chroot: skipping removal of jailkit directory .$home_dir/".$matches[1]
							. "; if this is in use as a web folder, it is insecure and should be fixed.", LOGLEVEL_WARN);
					}
					$jailkit_directories = $app->functions->array_unset_by_value($jailkit_directories, $matches[1]);
				}
				break;
			}
		}

		$removed = '';
		foreach ($jailkit_directories as $dir) {
			$jail_dir = rtrim($home_dir, '/') . '/'.$dir;

			if (is_link($jail_dir)) {
				unlink($jail_dir);
				$removed .= ' /'.$dir;
			} elseif (is_dir($jail_dir)) {
				$this->rmdir($jail_dir, true);
				$removed .= ' /'.$dir;
			}

		}

		$app->log("delete_jailkit_chroot: removed from jail $home_dir: $removed", LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);

		// remove /home if empty
		$home = rtrim($home_dir, '/') . '/home';
		@rmdir($home);  # ok to fail if non-empty

		// otherwise archive under /private
		$private = rtrim($home_dir, '/') . '/private';
		if (is_dir($home) && is_dir($private)) {
			$archive = $private.'/home-'.date('c');
			rename($home, $archive);
		}

		// remove $home_dir from /etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini
		if (is_file('/etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini')) {
			$jk_socketd_ini = $app->ini_parser->parse_ini_file('/etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini');
			$log = $home . '/dev/log';
			if (isset($jk_socketd_ini[$log])) {
				unset($jk_socketd_ini[$log]);
				$app->log('delete_jailkit_chroot: writing /etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini', LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				$app->ini_parse->write_ini_file($jk_socketd_ini, '/etc/jailkit/jk_socketd.ini');
			}
		}

		return true;
	}


	public function pipe_exec($cmd, $stdin, &$retval = null, &$stderr = null) {
		$descriptors = array(
			0 => array('pipe', 'r'),
			1 => array('pipe', 'w'),
			2 => array('pipe', 'w')
		);

		$result = '';
		$pipes = null;
		$proc = proc_open($cmd, $descriptors, $pipes);
		if(is_resource($proc)) {
			fwrite($pipes[0], $stdin);
			fclose($pipes[0]);

			$result = stream_get_contents($pipes[1]);
			$stderr = stream_get_contents($pipes[2]);
			fclose($pipes[1]);
			fclose($pipes[2]);

			$retval = proc_close($proc);

			return $result;
		} else {
			return false;
		}
	}

	private function get_sudo_command($cmd, $run_as_user) {
		return 'sudo -u ' . escapeshellarg($run_as_user) . ' sh -c ' . escapeshellarg($cmd);
	}

	private function check_run_as_user($username) {
		if(preg_match('/^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+$/', $username)) {
			return true;
		} else{
			return false;
		}
	}

	public function get_newest_php_bin($bin_directory) {

		if(empty($bin_directory)) {
			$bin_directory = '/usr/bin';
		}

		$php_binaries = [];

		if($handle = opendir($bin_directory)) {
			while(false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
			$full_path = $bin_directory . '/' . $entry;
				// Check if the filename matches a pattern for commonly available PHP CLI binaries
				if(preg_match('/^php(\d{1,2}\.?\d{1,2})?$/', $entry) && file_exists($full_path)) {
					$php_binaries[] = $entry;
				}
			}
			closedir($handle);
		}
		// Find and return the newest/highest version PHP binary
		$newest_php_bin = null;
		foreach($php_binaries as $php_bin) {
			if($newest_php_bin === null || version_compare($php_bin, $newest_php_bin) > 0) {
				$newest_php_bin = $php_bin;
			}
		}

		return $newest_php_bin ? $bin_directory . '/' . $newest_php_bin : null;
	}

}